December's 2007 election ignited violence in Kenya following the the questionable re-election of incumbent president, Mwai Kibaki. Amidst widespread reports of vote-rigging the electorial commission declared Kibaki president following a narrow defeat of the opposition leader, Raila Odinga. Opening old wounds from political, economic and land disputes, the controversy pitted opposition supporters against members of the president's ethnic group and perceived government supporters. Refuted to be political in nature, the ensuing violence nevertheless took on an ethnic tinge. Early in Februaruy the Red Cross reported 1,000 killed in the violence, while hundreds of thousands of people had been driven from their homes. The Red Cross, who tabulated the casualties, reported most of the killings were in the turbulent Rift Valley, where there was fierce fighting among gangs of opposing ethnic groups. The unrelenting unrest, especially in the countryside, delayed the delivery of food, water and tents, while machete-wielding mobs set-up roadblocks across the country. In many places there were also make-shift toll barriers created by rowdy young men who extorted payment from motorists. 24 year-old Kenyan, Boniface Mwangi, was one of the photographers to record these events.